Donor Authorities Funding for Household Planning in 2024

Introduction

This report supplies an evaluation of donor authorities funding for household planning in low- and middle-income international locations in 2024, the newest 12 months accessible, in addition to developments over time. It consists of each bilateral funding from donor governments and their contributions to the United Nations Inhabitants Fund (UNFPA). It’s a part of an effort by KFF to trace such funding that started after the London Summit on Household Planning in 2012. General, donor authorities funding for household planning decreased in 2024 and was one of many lowest ranges of funding for the reason that London Summit.

Findings

Complete Funding

In 2024, donor authorities funding for household planning via bilateral and multilateral channels totaled US$1.36 billion, a lower of US$112.8 million, or 8%, in comparison with 2023 (US$1.47 billion) and a return to the 2022 stage (US $1.37 billion). This marks one of many lowest ranges of funding for the reason that London Summit in 2012 (see Determine 1 & Desk 1). Whereas bilateral and multilateral funding each decreased, the general decline was largely because of decreased bilateral assist (see “Bilateral Funding” and “Multilateral Funding” sections beneath).

No donor authorities elevated household planning funding in 2024, marking the primary time there have been no will increase since monitoring started in 2012. 5 donors decreased funding (Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the U.Ok.) and 4 remained flat (Australia, Denmark, Norway, and the U.S.) (see Determine 2).^7,8,9,10 The Netherlands had the biggest lower, accounting for roughly half the general decline, adopted by Canada, the U.Ok., and Sweden. Canada’s decline was because of the timing of disbursements because it “front-loaded” multi-year bilateral initiatives that started in 2023 (even after the decline, Canada’s funding whole in 2024 was its second largest since monitoring started in 2012). These developments have been the identical after accounting for alternate charge fluctuations.¹¹

The overwhelming majority of donor authorities funding for household planning is offered bilaterally (96%). The rest (4%) is for multilateral contributions to UNFPA’s core assets, adjusted based mostly on the share used to assist household planning actions. All donor governments offered a bigger share of their household planning funding bilaterally (see Determine 3).

The U.S. continued to be the biggest authorities donor to household planning in 2024, accounting for 43% (US$579.6 million) of whole donor authorities funding (see Determine 4). The Netherlands was the second largest donor (US$194.7 million or 14%), adopted by the U.Ok. (US$190.0 million or 14%), and Sweden (US$116.1 million or 9%).

Bilateral Funding

Bilateral disbursements for household planning from donor governments – that’s, funding disbursed by a donor on behalf of a recipient nation or area – totaled US$1.30 billion in 2024, a lower of US$98.8 million, or 7%, in comparison with 2023 (US$1.40 billion) (see Appendix 1). 5 donor governments (Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the U.Ok.) decreased bilateral funding and 4 remained flat (Australia, Denmark, Norway, and the U.S.). Canada’s decline was because of the timing of disbursements because it “front-loaded” multi-year bilateral initiatives that started in 2023 (even after the decline, Canada’s bilateral funding in 2024 was its second largest since monitoring started in 2012). These developments have been the identical after accounting for alternate charge fluctuations.

The U.S. and U.Ok. have been the highest two donors over the complete interval for the reason that London Summit (2012-2024). Nevertheless, U.S. funding has been comparatively flat whereas funding from the U.Ok., which fluctuated over the interval, has declined in recent times. When these two donor governments are eliminated, bilateral funding from the opposite donor governments has usually elevated over the interval, with some fluctuations, significantly in recent times (see Determine 5).

Multilateral Funding

Whereas nearly all of donor authorities help for household planning is offered bilaterally, donors additionally present assist for household planning actions via core contributions to the United Nations Inhabitants Fund (UNFPA) (the place donors direct or earmark funding for particular household planning actions, resembling for UNFPA Provides, these are included as a part of bilateral funding). In 2024, UNFPA estimates that 15% of its core funding was directed to household planning actions.¹²

These totaled US$55.6 million in 2024, a lower of US$13.9 million in comparison with 2023 (US$69.6 million) (see Appendix 2). The lower was because of a decline in whole contributions to UNFPA’s core assets in addition to a decrease share of core assets directed to household planning actions (15% in 2024 in comparison with 18% in 2023). Germany decreased funding, whereas Sweden elevated funding and all different donor governments remained flat. Norway was the biggest donor authorities to UNFPA’s core assets, adopted by Germany, Sweden, and the Netherlands.

Honest Share

We checked out two totally different measures to evaluate the relative contributions of donor governments, or “justifiable share”, to household planning (see Desk 2) as follows: rank by share of whole donor authorities disbursements for household planning, and rank by funding for household planning per US$1 million in gross home product (GDP).

• Rank by share of whole donor authorities funding for household planning: By this measure, the U.S. ranked first in 2024, adopted by the Netherlands, the U.Ok., Sweden, and Canada. The U.S. has persistently ranked #1 in absolute funding quantities over the complete interval for the reason that London Summit (2012-2024).
• Rank by funding for household planning per US$1 million GDP: When funding for household planning is standardized by the dimensions of donor economies (GDP per US$1 million), Sweden ranks on the prime, adopted by the Netherlands, Norway, and the U.Ok. (Determine 6); the U.S. ranks 7^th.

Methodology

Totals offered on this evaluation embody each bilateral funding for household planning in low- and middle-income international locations in addition to the estimated share of donor authorities contributions to UNFPA’s core assets which are used for household planning. Quantities are based mostly on evaluation of knowledge from the 33 donor authorities members of the Organisation for Financial Co-operation and Growth (OECD) Growth Help Committee (DAC) in 2024 who had reported Official Growth Help (ODA). Bilateral and multilateral knowledge have been collected from a number of sources.

Bilateral Funding:

Bilateral funding is outlined as any earmarked (household planning designated) quantity and consists of household planning-specific contributions to multilateral organizations (e.g., non-core contributions to UNFPA Provides). For functions of this evaluation, funding was counted as household planning if it met the OECD CRS function code definition: “Household planning providers together with counselling; data, schooling and communication (IEC) actions; supply of contraceptives; capability constructing and coaching.”

The analysis workforce collected the most recent bilateral funding knowledge straight from 9 governments: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the UK, and the US throughout 2024. Direct knowledge assortment from these donors was fascinating as a result of they signify the preponderance of donor authorities help for household planning, and the most recent official statistics – from the Organisation for Financial Co-operation and Growth (OECD) Creditor Reporting System (CRS) (see: http://www.oecd.org/dac/stats/data) – don’t embody all types of worldwide help (e.g., funding to international locations resembling Russia and the Baltic States which are not included within the CRS database). As well as, the CRS knowledge could not embody sure funding streams, resembling household planning elements of mixed-purpose grants to non-governmental organizations, offered by donors. Knowledge for all different OECD DAC member governments – Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, the European Union, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Eire, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lithuania, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, and Switzerland – which collectively accounted for roughly 3 p.c of bilateral household planning disbursements, have been obtained from the OECD CRS database and are from 2023 calendar 12 months.

For some donor governments, it was troublesome to disaggregate bilateral household planning funding from broader inhabitants, reproductive and maternal well being totals, as the 2 are typically represented as built-in totals. In different instances, funding for family-planning-related actions offered within the context of different official improvement help sectors (e.g., humanitarian help, schooling, civil society) was included if identifiable (e.g., if donors point out particular household planning percentages for mixed-purpose initiatives, or if it was potential to establish household planning particular funding based mostly on venture titles and/or descriptions).

With some exceptions, bilateral help knowledge signify disbursements. A disbursement is the precise launch of funds to, or the acquisition of products or providers for, a recipient. Disbursements in any given 12 months could embody disbursements of funds dedicated in prior years and in some instances, not all funds dedicated throughout a authorities fiscal 12 months are disbursed in that 12 months. As well as, a disbursement by a authorities doesn’t essentially imply that the funds have been offered to a rustic or different supposed end-user. Enacted quantities signify budgetary selections that funding might be offered, whatever the time at which precise outlays, or disbursements, happen. In recent times, most governments have transformed to money accounting frameworks, and offered budgets for legislative approval accordingly; in such instances, disbursements have been used as a proxy for enacted quantities.

Quantities offered are for the fiscal 12 months interval, which differ by nation. The U.S. fiscal 12 months runs from October 1-September 30. The Australian fiscal 12 months runs from July 1-June 30. The fiscal years for Canada and the U.Ok. are April 1-March 31. Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden use the calendar 12 months. The OECD makes use of the calendar 12 months, so knowledge collected from the CRS for different donor governments replicate January 1-December 31. Most UN companies use the calendar 12 months, and their budgets are biennial.

All knowledge are expressed in US {dollars} (USD). The place knowledge have been offered by governments of their currencies, they have been adjusted by common each day alternate charges to acquire a USD equal, based mostly on international alternate charge historic knowledge accessible from the U.S. Federal Reserve (see: http://www.federalreserve.gov/) or in some instances from the OECD. Funding totals offered on this evaluation needs to be thought of preliminary estimates based mostly on knowledge offered and validated by representatives of the donor governments who have been contacted straight.

Particular notes pertaining to the donor governments the place direct knowledge assortment was performed are as follows:

• Challenge-level knowledge have been reviewed for Canada, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden to find out whether or not all or a portion of the funding could possibly be counted as household planning.
• Challenge-level knowledge have been additionally reviewed for France for 2012-2020, however comparable knowledge weren’t accessible for 2021-2024, so totals for these years are based mostly on the OECD DAC CRS database. Totals for 2021-2024 might be up to date as soon as comparable knowledge turn into accessible. Beginning with the report presenting 2022 funding quantities, totals for France have been included beneath the quantities offered for all different DAC members; prior reviews offered totals for France individually.
• Funding attributed to Australia and the UK relies on a revised Muskoka methodology as agreed upon by donors on the London Summit on Household Planning in 2012.
• For the U.S., funding represents last, Congressional appropriations (agency commitments that might be spent) to the U.S. Company for Worldwide Growth (USAID), quite than disbursements, which may fluctuate from year-to-year because of the distinctive nature of the U.S. price range course of (in contrast to most different donors, U.S. international help funding could also be disbursed over a multi-year interval). U.S. totals for 2017-2020 additionally embody some funding initially appropriated by Congress for UNFPA that was transferred to the USAID household planning & reproductive well being (FP/RH) account because of particular provisions in U.S. legislation together with the Kemp-Kasten modification (see KFF “UNFPA Funding & Kemp-Kasten: An Explainer”).

Multilateral Funding:

UNFPA core contributions have been obtained from United Nations Government Board paperwork and correspond to quantities obtained throughout the 2024 calendar 12 months, no matter which contributor’s fiscal 12 months such disbursements pertain to. Knowledge have been already adjusted by UNFPA to signify a USD equal based mostly on date of receipts. UNFPA estimates of whole household planning funding offered from core assets have been obtained via direct communications with UNFPA representatives for 2012-2021; household planning funding estimates from UNFPA’s core assets for 2022-2024 are based mostly on quantities reported on UNFPA’s Transparency Portal and designated as for “Ending the Unmet Want for Household Planning”.

UNFPA’s core assets are meant for use for each programmatic actions (household planning, inhabitants and improvement, HIV/AIDS, gender, and sexual and reproductive well being and rights) in addition to operational assist. Donor authorities contributions to UNFPA’s core assets have been adjusted to replicate the share of core assets supporting household planning actions in a given 12 months based mostly on data from UNFPA. As an illustration, in 2024, UNFPA reported expenditures totaling US$522 million from core assets together with US$79 million for household planning actions, which ends up in an estimated 15% of a donor authorities’s core contribution in 2024 being included in its whole funding for household planning.^13,14

Aside from core contributions offered by governments to UNFPA, un-earmarked core contributions to United Nations entities, most of that are membership contributions set by treaty or different formal settlement (e.g., United Nations nation membership assessments), usually are not recognized as a part of a donor authorities’s household planning help even when the multilateral group in flip directs a few of these funds to household planning. Moderately, these could be thought of as household planning funding offered by the multilateral group and usually are not included on this report.